tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-374956174235109122024-02-20T19:33:46.346-08:00Orland's FutureCherihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07116699453861469676noreply@blogger.comBlogger22125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-86233844121227579972016-08-19T10:35:00.002-07:002016-08-19T10:43:34.969-07:00Orland undertakes Comprehensive Planning<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "tahoma" , "helvetica" , "freesans" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: 18.48px;">A comprehensive plan is an advisory document that reviews recent trends, identifies key issues and discusses what the town may face in the future. It sets goals for the future. While it makes recommendations on town expenditures and managing town growth, it does not take the place of town meetings. The last plan was prepared in 1998 and much has changed since then. A plan meeting State guidelines not only gives the town limited preference in certain competitive state grants, but also sets priorities for Selectmen and other town officials and committees.</span><br />
<br style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: 18.48px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "tahoma" , "helvetica" , "freesans" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: 18.48px;">The Orland Comprehensive Plan Committee is a group of volunteers working to create a vision to guide the Town of Orland into the future through the preparation of a comprehensive plan. The following are goals of the committee:</span><br />
<br />
<ul style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: 18.48px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px 2.5em;">
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">To provide recommendations for future planning to enhance the economic viability of the Town and its inhabitants;</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">To encourage the provision of desired services while minimizing the impact on property taxpayers and the rural character of the Town;</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">To encourage prudent municipal management of the Town's resources; and</li>
<li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;">To encourage land use that does not impose burdens on other residents of the Town or on the environment.</li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: 18.48px;">
The Comprehensive Plan Committee meets the fourth Monday of each month at the Orland Community Center, at 6:30 pm. The public is welcome to attend</div>
Cherihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07116699453861469676noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-3495867636435878922016-06-16T05:12:00.003-07:002016-06-16T05:12:57.853-07:00Voting ResultsOn June 14, 2016, the citizens of Orland voted (433 to 232) to keep the Orland Village Dam and continue to pay for related maintenance and repair.<br />
<br />
For more information, visit the <a href="http://orlandme.org/default.htm" target="_blank">Town of Orland</a> website.<br />
<br />Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-37527462873582192152016-06-13T11:45:00.003-07:002016-06-13T11:49:50.483-07:00The economic impacts of dams and dam removals on local property values<style>
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<i>by Lynne Lewis, Elmer W. Campbell
Chair of Economics, Bates College</i><br />
<br />
A number of scientific studies have shown
that environmental amenities such as clean, free-flowing rivers provide positive
value, including to local property values. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
My colleague Curtis Bohlen I
estimated <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1465-7287.2008.00100.x/abstract" target="_blank">the impacts of dams (and dam removals) on property values on the Kennebec and Penobscot Rivers</a>. We were particularly interested in the impact of
the 1999 Edwards Dam removal on local property values. Had property values
plummeted as local homeowners had feared? We collected house sales data and
housing characteristics from before and after the dam removal. Using geographic
information systems mapping technology, we were able to examine location and
distance in particular.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On the Kennebec,
we found a sizable penalty for living near a dam site. In other words, for an
identical house, homeowners were willing to pay to live <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">farther away</i> from the dam. We found that when the Edwards Dam was
removed from the Kennebec River, this penalty disappeared and nearby homes
increased in value.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: AdvPS497E3;">After our study on the Kennebec, we did a similar analysis on house
sales along the Penobscot River prior to the removal of Great Works and Veazie
Dams and found that people were also willing to pay to be farther from the
river<span style="background-color: white;">. <span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto auto;">We have not yet
revisited the data to see how things have changed after the dam removal, but
predict a similar increase in property values.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
A study by William Provecher and
colleagues at the University of Wisconsin also found that small dam removals
improve nearby property values. Specifically, they found that “shoreline <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: AdvPS497E3;">frontage along small impoundments
confers no increase in residential</span> <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: AdvPS497E3;">property value compared to frontage along free-flowing streams and
that nonfrontage residential property located in the vicinity of a free-flowing
stream is more valuable than similar nonfrontage property in the vicinity of a
small impoundment." </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: AdvPS497E3;">A 2006 study from Oregon looking at the economic effects of
riparian corridors and upland wildlife habitat found strong evidence that property
owners place a premium on lots with habitat providing the highest ecological
values and a discount on lots with lower-valued habitat. The economic benefit
of being adjacent to rivers and streams and high-quality riparian corridors even
extended to properties up to half a mile from the valued resource.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
An analysis of urban stream
restoration projects in California estimated that restoration projects that
reduce flood damage and improve fish habitat increase property values by 3 to
13 percent of the mean property price in the study area.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
These studies offer convincing
evidence of, what seems in hindsight, an obvious conclusion--people place a
higher value on property adjacent to environments that are more natural and
perceived as being more healthy and vibrant. A free-flowing river with a robust
riparian corridor will be an appealing landscape with increasingly vibrant fish
and wildlife populations, all of which can benefit nearby property values.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Finally, our <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00253.x/abstract?userIsAuthenticated=false&deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=" target="_blank">homeowner survey work</a> indicates that people value clean, free-flowing rivers
including those who live on the river.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">References</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Lewis, L.Y., C. Bohlen, and S. Wilson. 2008. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1465-7287.2008.00100.x/abstract" target="_blank">Dams, dam removal, and river restoration: A hedonic property value analysis</a>. <i>Contemporary Economic Policy</i> 26(2):175-186.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana"; font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana"; font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Netusil, N.R. 2013.
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264837712001408" target="_blank">Urban environmental amenities and property values: does ownership matter?</a><i> Land
Use Policy</i> 31:371-377.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana"; font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Netusil, N.R. 2006.
<a href="http://Economic Valuation of Riparian Corridors and Upland Wildlife Habitat in an Urban Watershed" target="_blank">Economic valuation of riparian corridors and upland wildlife habitat in an urban watershed</a><i>. Journal of Water Research and Education</i> 134(July):39-45.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Provencher, B., H. Sarakinos, and T. Meyer. 2008. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1465-7287.2008.00107.x/abstract" target="_blank">Does small dam removal affect local property values? An empirical analysis</a>. <i>Contemporary Economic Policy</i> 26(2):187-197.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana"; font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Robbins, J.L., and L.Y. Lewis. 2008. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00253.x/abstract" target="_blank">Demolish it and they will come: estimating the economic impacts of restoring a recreational fishery</a>. <i>Journal of the American Water Resources Association</i> 44(6):1488-1499.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Streiner, C. F., and J.B. Loomis. 1995. Estimating the
benefits of urban stream restoration using the hedonic price method. <i>Rivers</i>
5.4:267-278.</span></div>
<br />
<br />Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-81488511278620458652016-06-09T13:03:00.000-07:002016-06-09T15:56:30.202-07:00A reversing falls at Orland?<a href="http://orlandfutures.blogspot.com/2016/03/faq-how-old-is-orland-village-dam.html" target="">Historical documents </a>and <a href="http://orlandfutures.blogspot.com/2016/05/what-will-narramissic-look-like-without.html" target="">engineering studies</a> suggest that beneath the Orland Dam lay a tidal or "reversing" falls. These are fairly unique features in Maine, the result of glacial action and geologic circumstances that create narrow constrictions near the head of tide. Given the tremendous power of moving water, reversing falls were good places to build mills and other industry dependent on water power.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://orlandfutures.blogspot.com/2016/05/what-will-narramissic-look-like-without.html">Stantec's visualizations of the Orland-Narramissic River before and after dam removal</a> give some sense of what the river might look like without the dam. Different perspective is offered by other reversing tidal falls in Maine, shown in the slideshow below. Being attractive places to people, many tidal falls have roads across them (which can accentuate the falls by restricting them further); others, like the Sullivan Tidal Falls and Basin Cove in Harpswell, have public parks. The rapids are popular with whitewater boaters. The Bagaduce and Damariscotta falls are probably most similar to what might be at Orland.<br />
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<br />Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-27793599427434729522016-06-09T04:05:00.002-07:002016-06-09T04:05:21.952-07:00Dam Forum on WERULocal community radio station WERU-FM recorded the June 1 forum on the Orland Dam.<br />
<br />
Listen here <a href="http://archives.weru.org/specials/2016/06/weru-special-orland-dam-removal-public-forum-6316/">http://archives.weru.org/specials/2016/06/weru-special-orland-dam-removal-public-forum-6316/</a><br />
<br />
<div class="title">
<h2 class="title-1">
<a href="http://archives.weru.org/specials/2016/06/weru-special-orland-dam-removal-public-forum-6316/" target="_blank">WERU Special: Orland Dam Removal Public Forum 6/3/16</a></h2>
</div>
Producer/Host: Amy Browne<br />
Production Assistance: John Greenman<br />
<br />
Today we have a special report on the proposal to remove the Orland
Dam – a decision that regardless of which way it goes, will likely have
impacts not only on that town, but on surrounding areas as well.
Orland took over ownership of the dam from Verso in 2011. The dam has
been found to have serious structural issues, has failed in the past,
and currently salt water flows over the top periodically. It also
blocks fish passage and the existing fish ladders are considered
inadequate. The town will be voting on June 14th on a ballot question
that gives 2 options: Keep the dam and have the town foot any
associated costs, or move forward toward removal of the dam by working
with NOAA fisheries and the Nature Conservancy to acquire available
funding for removal of the dam and ancillary costs. NOAA is the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, one of the major
forces behind the Penobscot River Restoration project. In 2014 they
designated the Penobscot River Watershed as a “Habitat Focus Area” — one
of just two on the east coast –citing the environmental, cultural and
recreational significance of New England’s second largest river, which
provides habitat to many migratory fish species, including 3 that are
listed as endangered.<br />
<br />
Those who oppose removing the dam are concerned about the impact on
water front views, which would start changing with the tides, potential
impacts of salt water on wells and bridges, and the need to find a new
source of water for fire fighting (as the impoundment created by the dam
has been used for that purpose)—and whether the grants the town might
receive would cover those costs. The need to coordinate dam removal
with the clean up of mercury in the river so as to not further mobilize a
mercury hotspot just below the dam is also a concern.<br />
<br />
At a well-attended forum Wednesday night in Orland, experts who have
been studying the issues and agencies offering funding for the project,
provided updates and heard comments and questions from the public. The
entire presentation last more than 2 hours. This morning we hear from
some of the panelists and a few of the public comments.<br />
<br />
NOTE: The link to the full meeting (2+ hours in length) is also
posted. The 1st link is for today’s program, the second is the
full meeting.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://archives.weru.org/specials/2016/06/weru-special-orland-dam-removal-public-forum-6316/">http://archives.weru.org/specials/2016/06/weru-special-orland-dam-removal-public-forum-6316/</a><a href="http://archives.weru.org/specials/2016/06/weru-special-orland-dam-removal-public-forum-6316/" target="_blank">http://archives.weru.org/specials/2016/06/weru-special-orland-dam-removal-public-forum-6316/</a> Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-22639069033685329702016-06-01T08:46:00.001-07:002016-06-01T08:46:21.394-07:00What happens after the vote?
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><u>If the town decides
to keep and maintain the dam:</u></i></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">Existing NOAA and TNC funding
would be redirected to other projects.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">The Town would have to
proceed, working independently, with discussions and costs regarding stability
of bridges (with the Department of Transportation); alewife harvesting and fish
passage improvements (with Maine Department of Marine Resources); protection of
species listed under the Endangered Species Act (with NOAA); and saltwater in
the impoundment (with the Fire Department). </span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">If a flood or storm surge
were to damage or blow out the dam and/or fishway, the town would be
responsible for remediation of any damage.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><i><u>If the town elects
to move forward with further evaluating dam removal:</u></i></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">It would be 3-4 years before the dam actually came out. According to Matthew Bernier of NOAA, “This is a big,
complicated project that we couldn't fast track even if we wanted to. As the
owner of the dam, the town is always in control of the schedule since they have
to sign off on any permit applications.” Dam removal would depend on a number
of required activities, including:</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<ul>
<li>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span><span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-language-override: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-synthesis: weight style; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></span>Additional
sediment sampling (coring) for mercury upstream of the dam.</span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">"Phase
1" archaeology and historical assessments.<span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span><span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-language-override: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-synthesis: weight style; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></span>The design,
permitting and construction of alternative water supplies for fire fighting.<span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span><span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-language-override: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-synthesis: weight style; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></span>Redesign of
alewife harvesting facility. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">The evaluation,
design, permitting and construction of bridge protection measures in
conjunction with the Maine DOT. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">Baseline monitoring
of sediment, vegetation, water quality, fish and wildlife, contaminants (1-3
years) throughout the Orland-Narramissic River system. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">The design and
permitting of dam removal and site reconstruction. </span></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></span><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">NOAA
has provided money to The Nature Conservancy to move forward with these studies
and design tasks, and is lining up funding for construction and monitoring
activities.</span></span></div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-11579194544614809202016-06-01T06:56:00.000-07:002016-06-01T06:56:16.005-07:00Maine Department of Marine Resources letter to Orland Dam Committee<i>from a letter to the Orland Dam Committee from Claire Enterline, Maine Department of Marine Resources, 2013</i><br />
<br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">RE: Orland Village Dam
Alternatives Feasibility Study</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">To the members of the Orland Dam Committee:</span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The Maine Dept. of Marine Resouces (DMR) would like to commend the
Committee for its efforts to identify alternatives to the current management of
the Orland Village Dam, and offer comments and DMR data that may be helpful to
the Committee moving forward.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">DMR has documented Atlantic salmon, alewife, blueback herring, and
American eel using habitat above the Orland Village Dam. Data from the
University of Maine (G. Zydlewski, personal communication), and informal
reports from town residents indicate that shortnose and Atlantic sturgeon are making
use of the area below the dam and may be present above the dam on occasion.
Additionally, town residents have informally noted that Atlantic gray seals are
also seen below the dam and may be present above the dam on occasion. Of these
species, Atlantic salmon, shortnose sturgeon, and Atlantic gray seals are
currently listed as “Endangered” under the Endangered Species Act (ESA),
Atlantic sturgeon are listed at “Threatened”, and alewife, blueback herring,
and American eel are currently being considered for listing under the ESA.
Because of the status of these species, the ability of each to move efficiently
and without harm between marine, estuary, and spawning locations is an
important concern.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The June 2013 report, “Orland Village Dam Alternatives Feasibility
Study”, prepared for the Committee by Stantec Consulting describes the
potential impacts of four different alternatives on various resources including
fisheries resources. The report indicates that two options (no action, dam and
fishway rehabilitation) would have negligible beneficial impacts on the
fisheries resource, and major adverse impacts on the fisheries resource. The
DMR agrees with these conclusions. Current fish passage facilities in the form
of two Alaskan steeppass sections that are not accessible for fish passage at
all tides are inefficiently passing Atlantic salmon and river herring, and the
American eel, specifically during the elver (juvenile) stage, do not pass
Alaskan steeppass sections efficiently. Further, these structures are not large
enough to pass other species that are in the Orland River (shortnose and
Atlantic sturgeon, Atlantic gray seal). While these larger species may get
above the dam only on the highest high tides, they will not be able to descend
through the fishway or over the dam without injury. As the report indicates,
the Maine </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Geologic
Survey (MGS) for the Maine Coastal Program indicate that the State of Maine is planning
for a predicted 2-ft rise in sea level over the next 100 years, which would
increase the frequency of occurrences of the tide over topping the dam, and
possibly also increase the number of Endangered marine species stranded behind
the dam.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The report indicates that the third option, dam and fishway modification,
would result in moderate </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">beneficial
and adverse impacts to fisheries resources. Again, DMR agrees with this
conclusion. Fishway modification that would increase the passage efficiency and
capacity would be moderately beneficial for river herring and Atlantic salmon,
but as the report states there are “inherent limitations of technical
fishpasses” and 100% upstream and downstream passage efficiency would likely
not be achieved. Further, fishway modifications would not provide any benefit
to the larger marine species that are also present in the area. Additionally,
if the fishway modifications suggested in the report (Denil-style fishway) are
used, passage for the elver stage of American eel would need to be built
separately as Denil-style fishways do not effectively pass elvers (the
estimated cost associated with the option does not include additional elver
passage construction/maintenance). </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The report indicates
that the fourth option, dam removal, would result in major beneficial and minor
adverse impacts to fisheries resources. The DMR again agrees with the
conclusion that there would be major beneficial impacts to the fisheries
resources. This alternative would provide unobstructed access to the species
currently found within the area, and would likely result in increased spawning
habitat for blueback herring, American shad, rainbow smelt, and Atlantic
tomcod, all which spawn within freshwater mainstem habitat where water is quick
moving. Improving the populations of these species within this river stretch
could lead to increased recreational fishing opportunities, especially for
American shad and rainbow smelt which support popular recreational fishing in
other areas of the state. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The report also
indicates that this option would have “</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">moderate
beneficial and moderate adverse impacts to river herring harvesting facilities
located immediately downstream from the Orland Village Dam. The moderate
beneficial impact … based on the potential for increased alewife production and
associated increased revenue for facilities operation and maintenance. [The]
adverse intensity level … based on the assumption that the existing facility
could still be used at low tide. A higher adverse intensity level would be appropriate
if it was determined that alewife harvesting operations would need to be moved upstream
to the vicinity of the Alamoosook Lake Dam.” The DMR recommends that the Orland
Dam Committee consider these statement together with other information
regarding the harvest and its current location, presented below.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The DMR provides
the following information about the river herring harvest for the Orland Dam
Committee to consider in addition to the report prepared by Stantec Consulting,
and with the hope of providing insight into DMR’s management of the river
herring fishery as well as biological considerations. </span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">...All commercial river herring harvests in Maine are approved jointly
by the DMR and the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC), a
multi-state group that collaboratively forms management decisions about
fisheries for species that cross state boundaries, based on sustainability
criteria that were adopted in 2009. Fisheries that were allowed to remain open
had to meet the following criteria: the run could not be stocked with river
herring from an outside source, average 20-year escapement during closed days had
to exceed 35 fish per acre of spawning habitat, and the spawning population had
to be considered biologically stable (as evidenced by age distribution and
repeat spawning rates). The Orland fishery was approved to remain open because
the escapement target (35 fish/acre) was based only on the acreage of
Alamoosook Lake, not all available habitat, based on the assumption that other
available habitat was not productive for alewives because of the high number of
non-native predator gamefish species (largemouth bass, chain pickerel). If all
available habitat were to be considered (4968 acres), the watershed could
potentially support 1,167,385 alewives without a harvest (based on a production
capacity of 235 fish/acre), and with a harvest would require escapement of
173,865 alewives (35 fish/acre). If the harvest
location were to move to a location targeting fewer spawning lakes, only the acreage
of the spawning lakes above that new location would be considered when
calculating the target escapement.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CDSZIbBh3Lg/V07nLcbuPiI/AAAAAAAAAsA/OAmZbZe2d4Qjxgda8Z0A-x0197IUC_Q0ACLcB/s1600/alewifehabitatDMR.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CDSZIbBh3Lg/V07nLcbuPiI/AAAAAAAAAsA/OAmZbZe2d4Qjxgda8Z0A-x0197IUC_Q0ACLcB/s400/alewifehabitatDMR.png" width="308" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The commercial harvest is currently encountering immature
blueback herring and alewife (age 1-2). The harvest of immature river herring
does not meet the sustainability standards identified by the DMR and the ASMFC
because the origin of these fish cannot be determined and because the fish have
not yet been able to spawn. Blueback herring <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and alewife reach maturation at sometimes
3-years-old, but more typically 4-years old. At this point, the fish ascend
freshwater rivers to spawn, and then return to coastal waters. Because the
adult spawning fish return to the same location every year, we are able to define
these adult spawning fish as unique “stocks” according to their spawning
locations, and track the status of that population stock over time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is not possible at this time, however, to
determine the “birth place” of immature fish. Immature fish, under the age of 3
or 4-years-old, from the entire Atlantic Coast, from Florida to Labrador,
likely school together spending winters off of Cape Hatteras, NC, and migrating
upwards along the coast annually as part of feeding. Because of these migration
patterns, the immature fish in near-shore coastal Maine likely belong to a “mixed
stock” that is not managed by Maine, but originated from multiple states, each
returning to the original spawning location once they are mature. Because there
are serious river herring population declines to the south, Maine has entered
into agreement with all other Atlantic states to not allow fisheries to target
these immature fish of unknown origin. While some bycatch of immature fish may
occur, continued catches of immature will become a problem. Tables showing the
age distribution at the Orland harvest location by year and compared to other
harvest locations are attached. </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The term “repeat spawning rate” is used to describe the
number of alewives or blueback herring that have spawned in one or more
previous years. Unlike some anadromous species, both alewife and blueback
herring typically do not die after spawning, but return to the ocean and will
return to the same location annually. The migration into freshwater for
spawning leaves a mark on the fish’s scales that we use to identify how many
times each fish spawned in years prior. A run with a high repeat spawning rate
indicates that many fish are successfully spawning in multiple years, so have
high survival and is likely a more stable run over time. Tables attached to
this letter show the repeat spawning rates for the current harvest location,
for alewives taken from the fishway leading into Toddy Pond, and for all other
harvest locations. Combining 2008-2012, the current harvest location has, on
average, a lower repeat spawning rate than the fish taken from the Toddy Pond
fishway. Further, the Toddy Pond fishway samples were composed entirely of
alewife, while both alewife and blueback herring are caught at the current harvest
site.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">for information about alewives and other migratory fish in the Orland-Narramissic river system, contact <a href="mailto:oliver.n.cox@maine.gov" target="_blank">Oliver Cox</a> at <a href="http://www.maine.gov/dmr/science-research/searun/index.html" target="_blank">Maine Department of Marine Resources</a>, 207.941.4487.</span></i></div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-84656206848119218372016-06-01T06:21:00.002-07:002016-06-01T06:22:38.721-07:00How dam removal would benefit the ecology of the Orland/Narramissic River<i>by Matthew Bernier, Civil Engineer/Fisheries Habitat Restoration Specialist, NOAA Restoration Center</i><br />
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">A removal of the Orland Village
dam would have numerous ecological benefits for species and habitats of
interest to NOAA Fisheries. Historically, before the presence of a dam at the
site, tidal flow extended at least two miles farther upstream into the Narramissic
River, creating a complex mosaic of tidal reversing falls and salt marshes teeming
with fish species that are still found in the lower Penobscot River today,
including alewife and blueback herring, Atlantic salmon, American eel, rainbow
smelt, striped bass and possibly shortnose sturgeon. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Benefits of a dam removal for
some species, such as rainbow smelt, could be profound. In the spring, adult
smelt migrate upstream from saltwater to freshwater riffles above the head of
tide for spawning. Rainbow smelt are relatively poor swimmers and are not able
to ascend steep, narrow fish ladders such as exist at the Orland Village dam.
Without a dam, rainbow smelt would likely move upstream to spawning areas below
Alamoosook Lake. Obviously, successful reproduction is critical for fish like
rainbow smelt to sustain their populations. Rainbow smelt, being relatively
small, are fairly low on the food chain and therefore provide nutritious forage
for lots of fish and wildlife. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">While the existing fish
ladders do pass some species, notably alewife, the passage is thought to be
severely compromised. At lower tide levels, the fish ladders are completely out
of the water, leaving them inaccessible to upstream migrating fish.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">At higher tide levels, fish may
be delayed as they search for the narrow entrances to the fish ladders, or
experience trauma as they try to crowd into passages that are considered too
small for the potential size of the alewife run on the Orland River, which
could be over one million adult alewives attempting to migrate to upstream
spawning habitat. The compromised passage means that fewer fish can move
upstream, which means fewer fish spawning and fewer alewives migrating back to
the Gulf of Maine. For a species like alewife, improved passage through dam
removal would likely have the beneficial effect of boosting the run size,
resulting in more fish in the Orland River, lower Penobscot River and the Gulf
of Maine. </span></span></div>
<div class="Default">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Alewives are also thought to
be impacted by the lack of dedicated downstream passage at the Orland Village
dam. After spawning in upstream lakes, many adult alewives will try to migrate
back to the Gulf of Maine, returning to the Orland River in subsequent years to
spawn again. Successful downstream passage for adults requires deep channels
for outmigration that don’t exist at the Orland Village Dam. Outmigrating
juvenile alewives also experience well-documented problems with downstream
passage, when the dam acts as a strainer and results in large kills of fish on
the timber spillway.</span></span></div>
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<div class="Default">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">If able to migrate
successfully, juvenile alewives would migrate back to Penobscot Bay in
abundance and provide forage for groundfish such as cod, haddock and pollock.
Similar to the improvements in upstream passage, removal of the Orland Village
dam would improve downstream passage for alewives and increase the distribution
and numbers of prey fish in the Gulf of Maine. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The restoration of historic
salt marsh habitat upstream of the Orland Village dam is likely to have
beneficial ecological impacts as well. Currently the impoundment upstream of
the dam is relatively shallow, warm and poorly oxygenated in some areas, an
artificial habitat that is favored by non-native species such as smallmouth
bass and chain pickerel. A dam removal would restore brackish tidal flow to
nearly two miles of river, with large freshwater marshes reverting to salt
marshes that would teem with small forage fish such as mummichog. With small
fish come bigger fish, such as striped bass, and marine mammals, such as harbor
seals, that might swim in and out with the tide in a reconnected Orland River.</span></span></div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-36480419214423236872016-06-01T06:08:00.002-07:002016-06-10T14:43:57.513-07:00Mercury in the Penobscot and Orland Rivers<style>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">In early November 2015, a team of scientists sampled sediment in
the Narramissic River. Their goal was to measure mercury to see whether or not it
had been carried by tidal waters over the Orland Dam<span style="color: blue;">. </span><a href="http://www.maine.gov/dep/spills/holtrachem/index.html" target="_blank">Mercury is a toxic element present in high concentrations in the lower Penobscot Riverand tidal tributaries</a>. People are exposed to mercury primarily through eating
contaminated fish.</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mercury
in Maine </span></u></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mercury is a concern throughout Maine, and <a href="http://www.maine.gov/dhhs/mecdc/environmental-health/eohp/fish/" target="_blank">statewide fish consumption advisories</a> recommend limits on eating fish from inland and coastal waters.
Mercury comes from Midwestern coal-burning power plants and other industrial sources,
and travels east on prevailing winds. Mercury eventually falls to the landscape
with rain and snow and washes into lakes, wetlands, and rivers, where it is processed
by aquatic bacteria in the sediment and magnifies up the food chain into fish.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mercury
in the Penobscot and Orland watersheds</span></u></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The lower Penobscot River is contaminated by an additional,
local source of mercury: <a href="http://www.maine.gov/dep/spills/holtrachem/index.html" target="_blank">the former HoltraChem chemical factory in Orrington</a>,
which operated from 1967 until 2000. Over this period of time, the plant discharged
(legally and illegally) 6 to 12 tons of mercury to the Penobscot River. Mercury
pollution in the Penobscot is the subject of major court-ordered studies to
assess the contamination and come up with a clean-up plan. To date, the studies
have found high concentrations of mercury in parts of the Penobscot estuary
where sediment naturally accumulates, including the mudflats from Orrington
south to Fort Point, Mendall Marsh in Frankfort, the East Channel of the
Penobscot, and the Orland River.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">HoltraChem mercury is not just in the river. A unique metal
that is liquid at room temperature, mercury readily evaporates to the air. In
contrast to air pollution that comes from a smokestack, mercury emissions are diffuse
and difficult to measure. In the 1990s, the Maine Department of Environmental
Protection sampled lakes in the area downwind (east) of the HoltraChem factory <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and found concentrations of mercury in fish
(perch) and lake sediments to be higher than lakes outside of the area. Swetts
Pond, Fields Pond, Brewer Lake, Mud Pond, Long Pond, Thurston Pond, and
Williams Pond were predicted to receive the most mercury deposited from the
air; both Alamoosook and Toddy ponds were in the range of
HoltraChem's air emissions (Source: Courtemanch, D.L., J. Hopeck, and K. Ostrowski. 1997. Mercury
contamination in lakes downwind of HoltraChem Manufacturing Co., Appendix 5 in
Initial Evaluation & Recommendations on Mercury in Maine, Appendix A to the
Land & Water Resources Council 1997 Annual Report, Submitted to the Joint
Standing Committee on Natural Resources, January 28, 1998).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sampling
for Mercury in Orland</span></u></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">In the 2015 study, the Orland Dam Committee, NOAA, and The
Nature Conservancy sought to address the following questions:</span></div>
<ul>
<li><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">What are
the concentrations of mercury in the Narramissic River above the Orland Village
Dam?<br /> </span></i></li>
<li><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Is the
dam preventing mercury from spreading, or, because the river overtops the dam
during monthly high tides, has contaminated sediment already entered the Narramissic?</span></i></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The scientists collected surface sediment from the river
bed, a total of 36 samples from 12 sites, six sites along the channel of the
Narramissic River from the Orland Dam upstream to the Upper Falls Road Bridge, and
three sites in each of the wetlands at Duck Cove and Wight’s Brook. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-NJf9pexiRW0/V07da8VhAkI/AAAAAAAAArQ/t2HRdB4UlTQGEe4dUtQvFoJVcMqI0rkyACLcB/s1600/Hg1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="348" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-NJf9pexiRW0/V07da8VhAkI/AAAAAAAAArQ/t2HRdB4UlTQGEe4dUtQvFoJVcMqI0rkyACLcB/s400/Hg1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="Default">
They found mercury concentrations greater than regional
background levels in the surface sediments of the Narramissic River. Mercury
concentrations were greatest directly upstream of the Orland Dam (305 nanogram
per gram dry weight), and decreased to a low of 69 ng/g dw near the Upper Falls
Road Bridge. (Compared to below the dam, where concentrations in the surface
sediment average 1,000 ng/g dw and range from 375 ng/g dw to over 1,800 ng/g dw).</div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hVwiREGmf5A/V07dh1X81MI/AAAAAAAAArU/YjzvDeGagXgh4YpcT9IoQDO8KM11mJdwgCLcB/s1600/Hg3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="323" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hVwiREGmf5A/V07dh1X81MI/AAAAAAAAArU/YjzvDeGagXgh4YpcT9IoQDO8KM11mJdwgCLcB/s400/Hg3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
According to the report, “In the river, the decline in mercury
concentrations with distance from the dam was not altered by variations in
total organic carbon or sediment grain size. This finding supports the
hypothesis that the mercury in the surface sediments of the Narramissic River
came from contaminated sediments present in the Orland River that moved over or
through the Orland Dam, carried by storm surges or tidal flows, and into the
Narramissic River. If tidal flows are restored to the Narramissic it is likely
that some portion of the <span style="color: windowtext;">toxic </span>sediments
currently in the Orland River will be carried by incoming tides into the
Narramissic. More information is needed on the range of the tidal influence
predicted for the Narramissic River before the geographic extent and the change
in mercury concentrations can be estimated.”</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-DW2C8zKoX2g/V07dh69zBGI/AAAAAAAAArY/uEmFSJu1_VQpRSFEsAlJ4UbUrHPSfDwKQCLcB/s1600/Hg5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="307" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-DW2C8zKoX2g/V07dh69zBGI/AAAAAAAAArY/uEmFSJu1_VQpRSFEsAlJ4UbUrHPSfDwKQCLcB/s400/Hg5.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
At the concentrations found in the surface sediments of the
Narramissic, toxicity to aquatic life is not expected, but is possible at the site
closest to the Orland Dam. Mercury in the Penobscot and Orland rivers does not
pose a threat to people who are boating, swimming, or using the water for
household purposes. The mercury is a concern for people who eat contaminated fish,
shellfish, or waterfowl from the lower Penobscot River region; for birds and
mammals that eat fis<span style="color: windowtext;">h, such as </span>osprey,
eagles, otter and mink; and marsh songbirds that eat insects with high mercury
concentrations.</div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default">
<a href="http://www.seagrant.umaine.edu/files/NARRAMISSIC%20Hg%20REPORT%20-%20FINAL%2015%20March%202016.pdf" target="_blank">Read the full report </a>(PDF) </div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-26737094603636943852016-05-21T17:12:00.000-07:002016-05-22T17:12:59.367-07:00Ellsworth American story<div class="single-meta">
<div class="prl-article-meta">
<a href="http://www.ellsworthamerican.com/featured/voters-decide-fate-orland-village-dam" target="_blank"><b><span>Voters to decide fate of Orland Village Dam</span></b></a></div>
<div class="prl-article-meta">
<span> </span></div>
<div class="prl-article-meta">
<span>May 21, 2016</span> <span>by <a href="http://www.ellsworthamerican.com/author/taylor-bigler/" rel="author">Taylor Bigler</a></span> </div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
Residents will decide the fate of the Orland Village Dam during a vote ahead of the annual Town Meeting.<br />
<br />
Residents will vote on whether to keep and maintain the dam or work to have it removed.<br />
<br />
The vote will be done by secret ballot from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. at the
Orland Community Center on Friday, June 14, and the result will be
announced at Town Meeting the following day.<br />
<br />
In the 1930’s, the
Maine Seaboard Paper Co. built the dam to create a water supply for its
Bucksport mill, but the Narramissic River was never used for that
purpose.<br />
<br />
Verso Paper owned the dam until 2010, when it turned ownership over to the town.<br />
<br />
Since
then, the Orland Dam Committee has raised funds for several rounds of
feasibility studies by the engineering firm Stantec, the National
Oceanic and Atmosphere Administration (NOAA), The Nature Conservancy and
Maine Sea Grant to determine feasible options for what to do with the
dam.<br />
<br />
Those studies determined that the two most reasonable options
are either for the town to pay for annual dam maintenance and future
repairs or to work toward removing the dam completely.<br />
Annual dam
and fish run maintenance costs $7,000 in addition to future repairs. The
dam has a life expectancy of about 30 years and it has been 17 since
its last repair.<br />
<br />
“The liability of keeping it is the cost of it in
the future,” said committee Chairman John Barlow. “There could be major
expenditures in the future.”<br />
<br />
If the dam remains in place, the
town would also be responsible for complying with federal fisheries
regulations because of the existence of several species, including two
threatened species.<br />
<br />
The cost of dam removal is $500,000. The NOAA
Fisheries Service is ready to help fund the removal because the river is
seen as an environmental asset.<br />
<br />
“Those funds are available right now should they decide to vote on removal,” Barlow said.<br />
If
voters do not decide to remove the dam this year, but change their
minds in the future, the town would have to come up with that money
itself.<br />
<br />“They aren’t going to just hold on to the money for us,” Barlow said.<br />
<br />
The
watershed is considered by NOAA to have the potential for restoration
of several native fish habitats for species such as alewives and rainbow
smelt among others. Matt Bernier, civil engineer and fisheries
habitat restoration specialist with NOAA, said that since the fish
ladder is only accessible at high tide, fewer fish are able to migrate
upstream.<br />
<br />
The Narramissic River once had the third-highest alewife
population in the state, but the fishery has been in decline since
alewives have difficulty getting through the narrow passage.<br />
<br />
“There
are problems with the downstream passage as well for alewives, without
having the downstream passage at the site,” Bernier said. According
to NOAA, if the dam were removed, several other fish species and
possibly marine mammals might be able to swim in and out with the tide.<br />
<br />
While dam removal has its ecological and financial benefits, it also has its disadvantages.<br />
<br />
“Aesthetics
are the main thing,” Barlow said. “What will it look like? We have seen
some options, but there are still some unknowns.”<br />
<br />
Fire protection is also a concern if the dam is removed.<br />
<br />
Orland
Fire Chief Bobby Conary is wary of dam removal, saying it will be
difficult for firefighters to quickly access a water source should a
fire break out in that part of the village.<br />
<br />
“The bottom line is
that I would hate to lose it because it is such a great water source
right there,” he said. “It’s a historical part of town and it is
probably one of the most congested areas we have.”<br />
Conary said
that should the town vote on dam removal, the department would fight
fires the way it does in other areas of town that are not close to water
sources.<br />
<br />
“We will do whatever it takes to do fire suppression, whether the dam is there or not,” he said.<br />
<br />
According
to Barlow, the half-million dollar price tag for dam removal also
includes funding for securing water for firefighting and determining how
many homeowners’ wells would be susceptible to salt water intrusion.<br />
<br />
“We don’t think many wells would be affected,” Barlow said.<br />
<br />
The
river’s current also will become much faster and work would need to be
done on the two nearby bridges that would see saltwater intrusion.<br />
<br />
Researchers also are studying the presence of a mercury hotspot beneath the dam.<br />
<br />
Even if voters decide on removal, nothing will happen to the dam overnight. Removal would require permits and approval from groups ranging from historical to environmental and archaeological.<br />
<br />
“It will be a number of years if it is ever removed,” Barlow said.<br />
<br />
There
will be an Orland Village Dam forum at 6 p.m. on June 1 at the Orland
Community Center, where residents will have the opportunity to speak
with Bernier and a Stantec engineer about the options for the dam.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.ellsworthamerican.com/featured/voters-decide-fate-orland-village-dam" target="_blank">Read the story in <i>The Ellsworth American</i></a>. Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-87401310608926140172016-05-18T04:32:00.001-07:002016-05-18T04:32:30.065-07:00How can people learn more about the town's options? <span class="aBn" data-term="goog_748223904" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ">Orland residents will have several opportunities to learn more about their options before the vote on June 14. </span></span><br />
<br />
<span class="aBn" data-term="goog_748223904" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ">On Sunday, <span class="il">May</span> <span class="il">22</span></span></span>, the Orland Village Dam, alewife harvesting operation and fish ladder will be open to the public at <span class="aBn" data-term="goog_748223905" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ">2 p.m.</span></span>, as part of <a href="http://www.worldfishmigrationday.com/" target="_blank">World Fish Migration Day</a> celebrations.<br />
<br />
At a public forum on <span class="aBn" data-term="goog_748223906" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ">Wednesday, June 1</span></span>, at <span class="aBn" data-term="goog_748223907" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ">6 p.m.</span></span>
at the Orland Community Center, speakers will present the results of
numerous studies done on the dam and Narramissic River since 2011, talk
about fish and wildlife changes and visual changes to expect with dam
removal, and discuss the funding being offered to the town to remove the
dam, and why.<br />
<br />
For more information on the Orland
Village Dam and upcoming programs, please contact Dam Committee Chair
John Barlow at 469-3749. This website will be updated frequently between now and <span class="aBn" data-term="goog_748223908" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ">June 14</span></span>.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-zSlcGEyrP6U/VzxSrbI_xzI/AAAAAAAAAqA/8FnOgTae7yQeDlnnVxDtQhuy5Ypc3Y1ygCLcB/s1600/Orland%2BPoster_051216.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-zSlcGEyrP6U/VzxSrbI_xzI/AAAAAAAAAqA/8FnOgTae7yQeDlnnVxDtQhuy5Ypc3Y1ygCLcB/s640/Orland%2BPoster_051216.jpg" width="412" /></a></div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-42785779379635257092016-05-18T04:24:00.001-07:002016-05-18T04:24:14.686-07:00What will the Narramissic look like without the dam?<style>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4ImLtwwgyu8/VzxMwyzFvnI/AAAAAAAAApw/QK3c3hHdPRYssFO-RiWYFpgO60neQk-kgCKgB/s1600/OrlandRiver_n_dams_5-15JRoyte%2B%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4ImLtwwgyu8/VzxMwyzFvnI/AAAAAAAAApw/QK3c3hHdPRYssFO-RiWYFpgO60neQk-kgCKgB/s320/OrlandRiver_n_dams_5-15JRoyte%2B%25282%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Aerial view of the Orland Village Dam and Narramissic River. Photo by J. Royte</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: ""arial"","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Removal of the
dam would restore tidal conditions in the Narramissic River. (The existing dams
at Alamoosook Lake and Toddy Pond will remain in place as part of the current
proposed project.) Projections of what the river would look like without the dam are based on historical documents, environmental assessments, and engineering studies.</span></span></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: ""arial"","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Engineering
assessments included borings, water quality studies, and mapping the river bed,
to evaluate potential conditions after dam removal. The available information
suggests that the river will be constantly in motion,</span> fluctuating with
the tide, as a lot of water moves back and forth twice a day.<span style="font-family: ""arial"","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"> Restoration of tidal
conditions will substantially increase flow in the Narramissic River, with
daily tidal flows exceeding 500 cubic feet per second (compared to 20 cfs now).</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-family: ""arial"","serif"; font-size: small;">Some
sediment and rubble has accumulated between the dam and the Castine Road
Bridge; this material would wash downstream, revealing the "Lower Falls"--an area of rapids and
tidal or reversing falls. Similar tidal or reversing falls can be found in
Damariscotta, Blue Hill, and the Bagaduce River. There is not a lot of sediment
upstream from the Castine Road Bridge because the dam at the Upper Falls
(Alamoosook Lake) prevents downstream sediment transport.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-family: ""arial"","serif"; font-size: small;">Downstream
of these rapids, the river would look mostly the same, although water quality
(dissolved oxygen levels, temperature, etc.) will likely improve with restored tidal
exchange.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-family: ""arial"","serif"; font-size: small;">Above
the rapids, the water level in the village area will change depending on the
tide. At high tide, the area will look almost the same, with a drop of about
one foot (very similar to when the dam gates are open). </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-family: ""arial"","serif"; font-size: small;">At
low tide, the water level will be five feet lower than present, leaving a
channel with a depth of seven feet in the middle of the river between the
Castine Road and US Route 1 bridges. It will still look like a river at low
tide, with rapids at the dam site (accentuated by the constriction of the Castine
Road Bridge) and more rapids upstream. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-family: ""arial"","serif"; font-size: small;">Vegetation
along the sides of the channel will change from freshwater plants to salt water
plants, with salt marsh possibly developing in the wetlands at Duck Cove and up
Whites Brook (consultants noted that the shape of the brook channel looks like
a tidal stream, and peat is present beneath the surface soil layer, indicating
that there was originally salt marsh in these areas). </span><span style="font-size: small;">Especially in the
narrower reaches, conditions will be similar to those below the dam, where
coarse substrate (cobble, boulder) will be watered and dewatered with the tides
but without a lot of vegetation due to velocities. <span style="font-family: ""arial"","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Large expanses of mudflats are not
predicted.</span></span></span><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ukXH8z1mZwU/VzxLH5r-nTI/AAAAAAAAApE/_5kOGOyxJsw74_089pXPkYdq9A-8UsAVACLcB/s1600/01093_Tidal_WSE-Layout1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="207" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ukXH8z1mZwU/VzxLH5r-nTI/AAAAAAAAApE/_5kOGOyxJsw74_089pXPkYdq9A-8UsAVACLcB/s320/01093_Tidal_WSE-Layout1.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Projection of water levels (elevation at high tide in light and dark blue and low tide in light blue) without the dam, from Stantec consultants.</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-family: ""arial"","serif"; font-size: small;">The
natural upper limit of the tide appears to be Upper Falls, two miles upstream
from the Orland Village Dam.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Consultants with Stantec who have been studying the river over the last several years created the following simulated images of the river at high and low tide.</span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SQ0qmf_bOiM/VzxNGxi6hvI/AAAAAAAAApo/xkdG5sXWct4Q3psknwi58ETDTczlvB1jACKgB/s1600/Sim-3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SQ0qmf_bOiM/VzxNGxi6hvI/AAAAAAAAApo/xkdG5sXWct4Q3psknwi58ETDTczlvB1jACKgB/s320/Sim-3.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Looking upstream from Narramissic Drive, high tide (simulation by Stantec)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ef_UMlJCyw0/VzxMsq2zzHI/AAAAAAAAApY/ocVawP90UhE1XrGZuf0h7ABPjNzdLP0SQCKgB/s1600/Sim-4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ef_UMlJCyw0/VzxMsq2zzHI/AAAAAAAAApY/ocVawP90UhE1XrGZuf0h7ABPjNzdLP0SQCKgB/s320/Sim-4.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Looking upstream from Narramissic Drive, low tide (simulation by Stantec)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-AqOShgDbD1A/VzxMw7H9JGI/AAAAAAAAApw/HChNpphUJSsiE8natskMcPhHY_5RXgyJwCKgB/s1600/Sim-5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-AqOShgDbD1A/VzxMw7H9JGI/AAAAAAAAApw/HChNpphUJSsiE8natskMcPhHY_5RXgyJwCKgB/s320/Sim-5.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Looking west from Lower Falls Road, high tide (simulation by Stantec)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-tGACoHZAmHU/VzxMx0ve6DI/AAAAAAAAApw/hFDtN6Bq3bEn0X0CxjKm3hLvB5ElilsLACKgB/s1600/Sim-6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-tGACoHZAmHU/VzxMx0ve6DI/AAAAAAAAApw/hFDtN6Bq3bEn0X0CxjKm3hLvB5ElilsLACKgB/s320/Sim-6.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Looking west from Lower Falls Road, low tide (simulation by Stantec)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-xp3XybAUe_g/VzxMmhJA8PI/AAAAAAAAAps/aM-lFZpRc7sDucDdMr8nE5ERV_o_XsitgCKgB/s1600/Sim-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-xp3XybAUe_g/VzxMmhJA8PI/AAAAAAAAAps/aM-lFZpRc7sDucDdMr8nE5ERV_o_XsitgCKgB/s320/Sim-1.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Looking upstream from dam site toward Castine Road Bridge, high tide (simulation by Stantec)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-L75VPwIjEEw/VzxMklej3RI/AAAAAAAAAps/ElQgtGePUO0U_POzvGqtTlWNgboRQI5HgCKgB/s1600/Sim-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-L75VPwIjEEw/VzxMklej3RI/AAAAAAAAAps/ElQgtGePUO0U_POzvGqtTlWNgboRQI5HgCKgB/s320/Sim-2.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Looking upstream from dam site toward Castine Road Bridge, low tide (simulation by Stantec)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-51861310625490579082016-05-12T17:06:00.000-07:002016-05-22T17:06:40.942-07:00Letter to the Editor: Orland Dam should stay<div class="c1 c2">
published in the <a href="http://bangordailynews.com/2016/05/11/opinion/thursday-may-12-2016-trump-ruining-the-gop-bathrooms-should-be-unisex-dont-tear-down-orland-dam/" target="_blank"><i>Bangor Daily News</i></a></div>
<div class="c1 c2">
<br /></div>
<div class="c1 c2">
May 12, 2016 </div>
<div class="c1 c2">
<strong><br /></strong></div>
Until the Orland Dam Committee
can guarantee it can protect domestic wells and the Narramissic River
from mercury and saline contamination and secure a new fresh water
source to fight fires, the dam must stay. Luckily, it’s in good condition.<br />
<br />
The dam committee should stop wasting town dollars on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s agenda. If it has to study
something, how about looking into raising the dam to hold back rising
tides and getting the mercury out of the Penobscot River? Poison fish
won’t do anyone any good.<br />
<br />
In the meantime, the question shouldn’t even be on the June 14 town ballot.<br />
<br />
<strong>Sharon Thompson </strong><br />
<em>Orland</em>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-31680370601993795462016-05-05T17:03:00.000-07:002016-05-22T17:04:05.660-07:00Bangor Daily News coverage<a href="http://bangordailynews.com/2016/05/05/outdoors/orland-village-dam-removal-may-be-in-near-future/">http://bangordailynews.com/2016/05/05/outdoors/orland-village-dam-removal-may-be-in-near-future/</a><br />
<br />
May 5, 2016<br />
<br />
by Aislinn Sarnacki <br />
<br />
Orland residents will get a chance to decide the fate of the Orland
Village Dam at an upcoming town meeting scheduled for 7 p.m. June 15 in
the gymnasium of the Orland Community Center at 21 School House Road in
Orland.<br />
<br />
They’ll have two options: Keep the dam and be willing to pay for
annual maintenance and fish ladder upkeep, or accept funding being
offered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries Service, the Nature Conservancy and other partners to remove the structure.<br />
<br />
“Our dam committee isn’t
making a recommendation. We just want to present what the alternatives
are and the facts are as we’ve learned them,” said John Barlow, chairman
of the Orland Dam Committee. “We’ve been studying it now for four
years.”<br />
<br />
Read the full story from the <a href="http://bangordailynews.com/2016/05/05/outdoors/orland-village-dam-removal-may-be-in-near-future/" target="_blank">Bangor Daily News</a>.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-82789885407900865562016-05-02T09:28:00.002-07:002016-05-11T08:08:20.586-07:00A decision for Orland residents<style>
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At a townwide vote on June 14, 2016, residents of Orland will elect one of the following two options concerning the town-owned Orland Village Dam:<br />
<br />
<div align="left" style="padding-left: 12px; text-align: left;">
<i><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia"; font-size: small;">Option 1:</span></span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia"; font-size: small;"> Does the Town wish to keep the Orland Village Dam and pay for associated costs?</span></span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia"; font-size: small;"> </span></span></i><br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia"; font-size: small;">OR</span></span><br />
<br />
<i><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia"; font-size: small;">Option 2:</span></span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia"; font-size: small;"> Does
the Town wish to move toward removal of the Orland Village Dam by
working with NOAA Fisheries Service and The Nature Conservancy to
acquire available grant funding for dam removal and ancillary costs?</span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia";"> </span></i><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-family: "georgia";"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-JJXn9v_Bv2c/VzNKndkjmpI/AAAAAAAAAog/FrdEcRY_4xE1_69bFh1pOvi4E2IAUB65wCLcB/s1600/orland.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-JJXn9v_Bv2c/VzNKndkjmpI/AAAAAAAAAog/FrdEcRY_4xE1_69bFh1pOvi4E2IAUB65wCLcB/s400/orland.jpg" width="308" /></a></span></i></div>
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia";">Voting takes place at the Orland Community Center, 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. on Friday, June 14. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia";">This website is intended to provide information to help the residents of Orland make this important decision about the future of their village. (<a href="http://orlandfutures.blogspot.com/p/why-is-dam-being-evaluated-town-of.html" target="_blank">See the About page for more background</a>.)</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia";">A forum will be held on June 1 at 6 p.m., with presentations by people who have been studying the dam and river and opportunities for residents to ask questions and learn more about the options. </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7XP0arM7QIc/VyeB0IioP3I/AAAAAAAAAl4/Z7kV394UwBA6ccg-0cMgwrp1WH9jqZP9gCKgB/s1600/IMG_1240.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7XP0arM7QIc/VyeB0IioP3I/AAAAAAAAAl4/Z7kV394UwBA6ccg-0cMgwrp1WH9jqZP9gCKgB/s320/IMG_1240.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Orland Village Dam at mid-tide.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-70475486416207628892016-04-28T14:38:00.000-07:002016-06-01T08:44:34.033-07:00Why are we voting on the dam? Can’t we just do nothing?<style>
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As a tidal dam that is regularly overtopped by monthly high
tides, the Orland Village dam is vulnerable to damage from a coastal storm
event. Whatever the outcome of the vote, it is in the Town’s best interest to
plan for the future of the structure as it ages.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times;">Funding is available now to continue
to evaluate dam removal and related issues. The Penobscot River watershed is
one of ten “Habitat Focus Areas” across the country where the National
Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has dedicated funding for
habitat restoration. The Penobscot was selected largely because of the progress
already made in restoring populations of native sea-run fish as a result of the
Penobscot River Restoration Project. NOAA has appropriated some of this new
funding to The Nature Conservancy to work with the Town of Orland. Federal
grant policies demand that this funding is spent within a certain period of
time. So federal funds could be allocated to Orland now, even if removal does
not happen for a few years.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times;">Additional non-federal funds
will also be available from a recent oil spill settlement (</span><span style="mso-field-code: " HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.mpbn\.net\/post\/agreement-provides-880k-penobscot-river-oil-leak-dispute\0022 \\t \0022_blank\0022 ";"><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: Times;">http://www.mpbn.net/post/agreement-provides-880k-penobscot-river-oil-leak-dispute</span></u></span><span style="font-family: Times;">) that will be jointly managed by the State of Maine,
NOAA and US Fish and Wildlife Service. An important first step is identifying
restoration of the Narramissic River as a possible project in a plan for the
court-approved settlement.</span></div>
<br />
<i> More details on why we are voting now:</i><br />
<br />
The dam is about 20 years into its 30-year life expectancy.
It needs regular repairs to keep it functioning (at an annual cost of $7,000). The
dam spillway is close to the elevation of high tide, and as a result saltwater
now regularly overtops the dam and enters the Narramissic River in the village
area. The gates are deteriorating. With the dam’s height so close to the height
of high tide, the dam is vulnerable to storm surges and floods, like the surge
that breached the dam in 1994. Repairs cost nearly $100,000. If a storm or
flood washed out the dam, it could leave behind an eyesore and a safety hazard.
</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-kKSy6RJUQVY/VyeVwyYT0tI/AAAAAAAAAms/F4rBuEb69SUTOadQbaIIct13Ya40A1kAQCKgB/s1600/IMG_1236.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-kKSy6RJUQVY/VyeVwyYT0tI/AAAAAAAAAms/F4rBuEb69SUTOadQbaIIct13Ya40A1kAQCKgB/s320/IMG_1236.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Orland Village Dam at high tide, when incoming saltwater floods over the top of the dam.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
Because of Orland's importance to the success of overall Penobscot River Restoration Project, which aims to restore populations of native sea-run fish, <a href="http://orlandfutures.blogspot.com/2016/03/the-narramissic-orlandriver-played.html" target="_blank">the dam has attracted the attention--and funding--of the National Marine Fisheries Service, The Nature Conservancy, and the University of Maine</a>. The availability of funding for moving forward with dam removal is also driving the decision to have a town vote.<br />
<br />
Regardless of the outcome of the town vote, something also has to be done to address the fishway. Fish
passage at the dam is required by state law and is necessary for Orland to
maintain an alewife harvest. Two existing fish ladders at the dam are too small
and during periods of low tide are difficult for fish to access, impairing passage
for alewives, endangered Atlantic salmon and American eel. The dam is not
passing enough alewives to adequately populate the entire watershed, according
to the Department of Marine Resources. Other species known to occur downstream
of the dam—including shortnose sturgeon, American eel and striped bass—will not
use the ladders. There is no dedicated downstream passage, and the stranding of
outmigrating juvenile alewives on the timber spillway of the dam is a frequent
occurrence.</div>
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<br /></div>
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If alewives, eels, or other migratory fish are listed as federally
endangered or threatened in the future, the town could be forced to take stronger
measures. Should the dam be damaged by a storm surge, and fish passage hindered
or destroyed (as happened in 1994), the town would have to pay for repairs. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Keeping the dam, including improving fish
passage, and upgrading it to modern standards is the town’s most expensive option, with estimated costs exceeding $1
million, according to Stantec’s 2013 feasibility study. Outside funding sources are limited for dam maintenance.</div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-19155991383994931562016-04-28T08:44:00.002-07:002016-04-28T08:44:18.610-07:00What will happen to the Town’s water supplies for firefighting?
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<div class="MsoCommentText">
<span style="color: #221e1f; font-size: 10.5pt;">Securing a
stable water supply for firefighting is an important part of assessing the
future of the Orland Village Dam. If the dam were removed, the river would
become salty due to tidal action. Even under current conditions, with the dam
present, the Narramissic River has been less than reliable as a water supply
for fire fighting.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For example, the </span>dry
hydrant on the Narramissic Road is full of silt and is not operational. As part
of the feasibility study for the Orland Village dam, engineers have identified
several sources of water within the town of Orland that can be developed to
ensure a more reliable supply of water for firefighting, such as buried
cisterns, Toddy Pond, and Alamoosook Lake. If the dam were to be removed,
securing water supply for firefighting would be included as part of the overall
project. </div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-37303603677613240382016-04-28T08:43:00.001-07:002016-05-02T10:50:09.011-07:00Who uses water from the Orland/Narramissic/Alamoosook watershed?<style>
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The towns of Orland and Bucksport, along with the Toddy Pond
Association, Alamoosook Lake Association, and Great Pond Mountain Conservation Trust,
among other local groups, are concerned about water issues.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The Orland Village Dam and dams on Toddy Pond and Alamoosook
Lake control the overall flow of water in the system. The Alamoosook Lake dam
is the primary control on the supply of freshwater in the system; the Orland
Village Dam is located at the head of tide, and restricts the flow of
freshwater out of the river and blocks most high tides, preventing natural
tidal movements and resulting in brackish conditions in the impoundment.</div>
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<br /></div>
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These dams were formerly under the control of the Verso Paper
Mill, which closed in 2014.
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--> </style><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>Historically, sometimes, the mill withdrew w</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ater from the
Narramissic River at the outlet of Alamoosook Lake and pumped it to Silver Lake in
Bucksport via a pipeline (aqueduct). Silver Lake water was used by the mill for
power generation (~200,000 gallons per day) and processing water (15-17 million
gallons per day), and by Maine Water Company to provide drinking water to the
Bucksport area (250,000 gallons per day average use, with rights to 1 million
gallons per day) [Source: Maine Water].</span>
</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-y5lkGnyWzBo/VyeTI7hdJlI/AAAAAAAAAmE/MXBG1gmCs14rm2iysYeIdtAJ5311r2QFACLcB/s1600/OrlandMap_062515_Page_1.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-y5lkGnyWzBo/VyeTI7hdJlI/AAAAAAAAAmE/MXBG1gmCs14rm2iysYeIdtAJ5311r2QFACLcB/s640/OrlandMap_062515_Page_1.png" width="412" /></a></div>
The current mill owners (AIM) now own Alamoosook and Toddy
Pond dams, the Orland Pump House (at Upper Falls), the pipeline to Silver Lake,
the dam on Silver Lake, and all the water rights the mill held in both Orland
and Bucksport. The future of the mill, and related water use, is uncertain at
this time. If the power plant at the former mill was restarted, there could be
potential for significantly greater use of water from Silver Lake and possibly
the Narramissic River.</div>
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<br /></div>
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Maine Water, which supplies drinking water to Bucksport,
retains full legal rights to draw water from Silver Lake for public drinking
water supply.<span style="color: #221e1f;"> Under current conditions, water is
not being withdrawn from the Narramissic River/Alamoosook Lake to supplement
the supply. Pumping would resume only if Silver Lake’s water level diminished
drastically, for example if there was a severe drought. </span>During some
summers in the past, there were times when virtually no water was released from
Alamoosook and Toddy, so Narramissic River only carried what came in from the
rest of the watershed, including tributaries like Whites Brook and Duck Cove
Brook [Source: Town of Orland Dam Committee].<span style="color: #221e1f;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It remains unclear what will happen to these assets as the
present owner AIM looks to redevelop the mill site in Bucksport. Both the
Alamoosook and Toddy Pond dams are critical to maintaining the lakes and the numerous
shore front properties in not only Orland but extending into the towns of
Penobscot, Blue Hill and Surry. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Unless AIM sells the Bucksport Mill site to some industry
that needs significant water supply, they could abandon or give away the dams
and water rights. These are all unknowns but they have the possibility to
impact the Town of Orland in the future. The Town of Orland could find itself
the owner/operator of two more dams.<br />
<br />
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Groundwater wells in the vicinity of the Narramissic River
are mostly deep bedrock wells that intercept groundwater from uphill areas and
are not directly connected to the river.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The most likely wells to be affected by dam removal are shallow or “dug” wells.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Since seawater is already overtopping the dam
during some high tides, dug wells may already be impacted already.
Approximately five residents and businesses along the impoundment area pump
water directly from the river and these water supplies would be addressed as
part of a dam removal project. </div>
</div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-22990161176537321252016-04-28T08:42:00.004-07:002016-04-28T08:42:35.644-07:00What is the current condition of the dam?
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
The Orland Village Dam is the lowermost (most seaward) dam
on the Narramissic River, which is also known as the Eastern or Orland River.
There is another dam at the “Upper Falls,” near the outlet of Alamoosook Lake,
and another<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> at the outlet of Toddy Pond. Both upper
dams have working fishways</span>.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
The current Orland Village Dam was built in the 1930s by
the Maine Seaboard Paper Company to create a water supply for the paper mill in
Bucksport. However, it was never used for this purpose because t<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">he next upstream dam, at the outlet of Alamoosook
Lake, proved to be more efficient. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
The dam is constructed of wooden timbers filled with rock
(“cribwork”), with a small amount of concrete added later in an attempt to
patch some internal leaks. <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"></span>This type of construction is not ideal for tidal/saltwater
conditions currently being experienced, a situation expected to get worse over
time with accelerating rates of sea-level rise, as the dam is already regularly
overtopped by monthly high tides and is not a complete barrier to the tidal
exchange of salt and fresh water. </div>
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<br /></div>
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-We8c62qc-6E/VyIvPoBMnEI/AAAAAAAAAko/2J1ftMPZTZEN8MZTHr8yyt0JoGwCMkXxACLcB/s1600/damovertop.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-We8c62qc-6E/VyIvPoBMnEI/AAAAAAAAAko/2J1ftMPZTZEN8MZTHr8yyt0JoGwCMkXxACLcB/s320/damovertop.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<i>Photo: High tide flooding over the top of the Orland Village Dam.</i><br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Annual maintenance costs are estimated at $7,000; this does
not include damage from storms or other disasters, which have led to more
costly repairs in the past.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Verso made $83,845 in repairs to the dam in 1985; the dam
was rebuilt again after it was damaged by a storm-driven tidal surge in January
1994, at a cost of approximately $93,855. Other repairs occurred during the 1990s,
including over $10,000 spent on the fish ladders. In 2010 the Town of Orland
agreed to take ownership of the dam from Verso when the paper company indicated
that they would abandon and possibly remove the dam if the town did not take
ownership. <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Verso provided up to $5,000 for minor
repairs on the dam. </span></div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-5155594221565586702016-04-28T08:40:00.001-07:002016-05-02T11:09:52.843-07:00What fish live in the river now?<style>@font-face {
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
Orland River is a major tributary to the Penobscot River and provides habitat
for diadromous (migratory sea-run) fish. Fish that were in the Orland River
historically are still in the Orland River today—this is contrast to many other
rivers that have lost their populations of migratory fish. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pUah1a_oE8g/VyeThuLyCJI/AAAAAAAAAmI/SfxcUUhJbCg9_KUgAwo1zAguJROZR4xbwCLcB/s1600/IMG_3489.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pUah1a_oE8g/VyeThuLyCJI/AAAAAAAAAmI/SfxcUUhJbCg9_KUgAwo1zAguJROZR4xbwCLcB/s320/IMG_3489.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Below
the Orland Village Dam are Atlantic salmon, American eel, alewife, blueback herring,
shortnose sturgeon, Atlantic sturgeon, sea lamprey, rainbow smelt, tomcod, and
American shad. Both eel and alewife are the target of active commercial
fisheries, although at lower levels than in the past. The Town of Orland
harvests and sells alewives for lobster bait (generating $5,000-$10,000 per
year). When the alewives are running, the area below the Orland Village Dam
fills with eagles, osprey, gulls, cormorants, and seals.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-YkuG4EKkJjc/VyJDu3EKuyI/AAAAAAAAAk8/6l7tN4hb1h4JJbQaj4DLCdDMDEJDLrRtQCLcB/s1600/USFishXXIX1905.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-YkuG4EKkJjc/VyJDu3EKuyI/AAAAAAAAAk8/6l7tN4hb1h4JJbQaj4DLCdDMDEJDLrRtQCLcB/s320/USFishXXIX1905.jpg" width="276" /></a><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A
century ago, Orland was the center of the alewife fishery on the Penobscot
River, as described in this excerpt from the 1905 U.S. Fish Commission Report. This important role continues today. Given the incomplete passage at
other dams farther up in the watershed, Orland-Narramissic River is important
for restoring alewives to the Penobscot River.
This is largely because the river still has fish, including a harvestable run
of alewives, but also because of the large area of lake habitat upstream,
intact forests in the watershed, and clean water. A recent assessment by The
Nature Conservancy placed Orland in the top 5% for sea-run fish habitat
potential among Northeastern U.S. rivers and among the highest in the Penobscot
River basin, with a potential return of at least 1,245,735 adult alewives
[Source: The Nature Conservancy and NOAA].</span><br />
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fisheries
scientists believe that restoring these migratory fish, millions of which once
filled the Penobscot River and Gulf of Maine, will also aid the recovery of
marine fish like cod and other groundfish, which eat alewives. These changes
are already being documented in Penobscot Bay as alewives have been restored in
Blackman Stream in Milford, Pushaw Stream in Old Town, and elsewhere.</span></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Jl60T76M8yM/VyeX4JLqmcI/AAAAAAAAAm4/fYaTQTUkH6kelqWwpoG4d4kUNnPYONg5wCLcB/s1600/Slide1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Jl60T76M8yM/VyeX4JLqmcI/AAAAAAAAAm4/fYaTQTUkH6kelqWwpoG4d4kUNnPYONg5wCLcB/s320/Slide1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Freshwater
fish in the Narramissic River, upstream of the Orland Village dam, include
largemouth and smallmouth bass, yellow perch, brown bullhead, pumpkinseed
sunfish, chain pickerel, and brown trout, most of which are not native to the
watershed. Wild brook trout are present in the river, supplemented with stocked
fish by Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife. Alewives, salmon,
and eel can be found seasonally in the Narramissic River as well.</span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZXF2fiwxzYg/VyJEPExRrJI/AAAAAAAAAlA/rpNGaqwcIUApXS3B8phF8bVD4HZn2g9sgCLcB/s1600/alewife-harvest.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="459" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZXF2fiwxzYg/VyJEPExRrJI/AAAAAAAAAlA/rpNGaqwcIUApXS3B8phF8bVD4HZn2g9sgCLcB/s640/alewife-harvest.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
</div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-31966190606464899372016-03-10T09:56:00.005-08:002016-06-01T06:23:46.092-07:00Why are NOAA and conservation groups interested in fish passage on the river?<style>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">The Narramissic-Orland
River provides significant habitat for
sea-run (migratory or diadromous) fish, including endangered Atlantic salmon
and alewives. As a major coastal tributary to the Penobscot River, restoring the Narramissic will contribute to the larger Penobscot River Restoration Project.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oIHEjEQQ7aw/VyeT3cIfOhI/AAAAAAAAAmU/4DOWYZNDHWMNmhkTAzLpkO-gB1kN5u33wCLcB/s1600/IMG_1918.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oIHEjEQQ7aw/VyeT3cIfOhI/AAAAAAAAAmU/4DOWYZNDHWMNmhkTAzLpkO-gB1kN5u33wCLcB/s320/IMG_1918.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Orland Dam Committee Chair John Barlow (left) shows the Orland Dam to NOAA Fisheries leadership, June 2015 </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">A recent assessment of Northeastern U.S. rivers placed Orland among
the top 5% of watersheds with the most anadromous fisheries potential. This is largely because the
river still has fish, including a harvestable run of alewives, but also because
the land area is relatively undeveloped and the water is clean. Fisheries
scientists believe that restoring these migratory fish, millions of which once
filled the Penobscot River and Gulf of Maine, will also <a href="http://www.seagrant.umaine.edu/files/Cod_Alewife%20Factsheet__508_042216.pdf" target="_blank">help support restored populations of cod and other groundfish</a>, which eat alewives.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">For these reasons, The Nature Conservancy (TNC), a member of the Penobscot River Restoration Trust, has been working on Penobscot tributaries. TNC worked with the Town of Orland to replace a problem culvert on <a href="https://youtu.be/-XhVrUl7fVg" target="_blank">Winkumpaugh Brook</a> ("a nice little trout stream" according to TNC's Jeremy Bell) under Happytown Road.</span><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: "calibri"; font-size: 11.0pt;"></span>
</span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">However,
<a href="http://orlandfutures.blogspot.com/2016/06/how-dam-removal-would-benefit-ecology.html" target="_blank">the current situation is preventing Orland's fish potential from being realized</a>. Two
existing fish ladders at the dam are too small, and cannot be accessed during
periods of low tide, lowering the efficiency of passage for alewives, Atlantic
salmon and American eel. The fishways only work, at best, 50% of the time when
tides are high enough. </span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yjTDSZzZUjk/VyeThhk0YVI/AAAAAAAAAmM/dkiBEcqsTv4jx7bwEhBbHeFNZGhBz1i9ACKgB/s1600/IMG_1923.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yjTDSZzZUjk/VyeThhk0YVI/AAAAAAAAAmM/dkiBEcqsTv4jx7bwEhBbHeFNZGhBz1i9ACKgB/s320/IMG_1923.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The dark cloud in the water is alewives crowding below the Orland Dam during their upstream migration, June 2015</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Other
species known to occur downstream of the dam—including endangered shortnose
sturgeon, American eel and striped bass—will not use the ladders. There is no
dedicated downstream passage, and outmigrating juvenile alewives are often
stranded on the timber spillway of the dam. Below is a video of alewives, confused by the flows below the fishway, trying to get upstream.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dwBuY_ex_9qluyAxslTG4VE85yE0ljBHnMhYpC2vrjWZTAVDZ7tK4PI4ZnP0RI9ME9hDatC4jNFGwRCjhXY' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), and
US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) share responsibility for implementing the
Endangered Species Act, the purpose of which is to conserve and manage
threatened and endangered species and the ecosystems on which they depend.
Generally, the USFWS has jurisdiction for land and freshwater species, while
NMFS has jurisdiction for marine and anadromous species. Three species of fish
in the Orland River are listed as threatened or endangered: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">• Atlantic salmon (endangered)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">• Shortnose sturgeon (endangered)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">• Atlantic sturgeon (threatened)</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="background-color: white;">
</span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white;">Additionally, rainbow smelt and alewives are
considered “special concern.” <span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto auto;">Thus the Town of Orland, as the owner of the dam, is liable for any
harm that might occur to endangered species or their habitat, including delays
in migration.</span> The f</span>ederal government, working on behalf of all American
citizens, has a stewardship obligation to protect the Nation’s fish and
wildlife. </span><br />
<br /></div>
Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-37495617423510912.post-39099458201401256222016-03-10T09:53:00.000-08:002016-04-28T08:39:15.742-07:00How old is the Orland Village Dam?<style>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">
<style>
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</style>The current
Orland Village Dam was built in the 1930s by the Maine Seaboard Paper Company
to create a water supply for the paper mill in Bucksport; however, it was never
used for this purpose, as Alamoosook Lake proved to be a more efficient
alternative. The dam is located at the head of tide, and replaced older dams (see photo below from 1910) across what historically
had been called the “Lower Falls.”</span></div>
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AST0sJh2uoY/VuGzDj8cXuI/AAAAAAAAAds/ECgZKVlbn1o/s1600/orlanddam1910.tif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="195" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AST0sJh2uoY/VuGzDj8cXuI/AAAAAAAAAds/ECgZKVlbn1o/s320/orlanddam1910.tif" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">The falls
powered sawmills in the late 1700s. The falls must have been large enough to
prevent ship traffic, because i<a href="http://www.seagrant.umaine.edu/files/1816MALaws.pdf" target="_blank">n December 1816 the Massachusetts Legislature</a></span><a href="http://www.seagrant.umaine.edu/files/1816MALaws.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> incorporated the Eastern River
Lock & Sluice </span></a><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><a href="http://www.seagrant.umaine.edu/files/1816MALaws.pdf" target="_blank">Company</a>
to move vessels and goods over the falls. Company owners John N. Swazey, Joseph
R. Folsom, and Joseph Lee</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
constructed a series of locks at Lower Falls shortly afterwards, enabling navigation
to </span><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">their mills near the
outlet of “Great Pond” or Alamoosook Lake. The company could thus charge a toll
for moving boards, planks, bark, timber, clapboards, shingles, etc. through the
locks to the Penobscot waterfront. They were allowed to make a sluice and lock
or locks “from the outlet of Eastern River Great Pond, so called, to the waters
below the falls, at the head of the tide in the town of Orland” and to erect a
dam, provided that their activity did not interfere with an 1814 law protecting
fish passage. <a href="http://www.seagrant.umaine.edu/files/1825_PS_c319.pdf" target="_blank">An 1825 Maine law</a> reinforced the fish passage requirement.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">In 1869,
Walter Wells noted in his report, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Water-Power
of Maine</i> that the river fell 15-16 feet from the outlet of Alamoosook to
the “stone dam at tidewater.” “The dam at the head of tide is substantially
built of granite, head and fall 10 feet, ponding the water back two miles to
the Great pond dam; saw, grist, and stave mills.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Archaeologist
Warren Moorehead, who investigated ancient Wabanaki “red paint” cemeteries in
1912, wrote of Orland: “At Orland we found the Narramissic flowing in a
picturesque little valley. There is a dam here which furnishes power for a saw
mill and a grist mill. Above the dam the water is fresh; below, it is salt, and
small schooners tie up at the wharf below the dam. In Indian times there were
falls two or three meters in height where the dam is now located. On either side
of the stream at this point there are high, steep hills, as the river has cut
out a miniature gorge on its passage to the Penobscot. The banks flanking these
hills were favorite resorts for aboriginal fishing parties…” </span><br />
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<u><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">References</span></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Moorehead, W.K. 1922. A Report on the Archaeology of Maine. Andover, MA: The Andover Press.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">State of Maine. 1825. Private Acts of the State of Maine, Passed by the Fifth Legislature, at its Session Held in January, 1825. Portland: Todd and Smith. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">State of Massachusetts. 1816. Laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Boston: Russell, Cutler & Co. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Wells, W. 1869. The Water-Power of Maine. Augusta: Sprague, Owen & Nash.</span></div>
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